Cryptography means, “secret writing”—the exchangeAn exchange is a marketplace where traders can buy and sell cryptocurrencies and other digital assets. The "exchange" acts as... Read More of messages accessible only by the intended recipient. It is the science of hiding information. More specifically, modern cryptography uses mathematical theories and computation to encrypt and decrypt data and guarantee the integrity and authenticity of information. Cryptography in cryptocurrencyCryptocurrency is decentralized digital currency secured by cryptography. Cryptocurrency utilizes cryptographic protocols to record ownership and prevent counterfeits (when ownership... Read More ensures the security of transactions and participants, independence from a central authorityA central authority is an entity that holds centralized control over something, such as a financial exchange, asset, or transaction.... Read More, and protection from double spendingDouble spending is a fraud technique that involves using the same digital currency to make two or more separate purchases.... Read More.
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography [Investopedia]
